The European Womens Lobby is an umbrella organization of women’s organizations across the European Union. Established in 1990, the organization promotes women’s rights and equality between men and women. Over 2000 organizations make up the EWL. Here are some of the groups that make up this organization. You might be surprised to learn that you’ve never heard of some of them! This article will give you an overview of their work. But what are they and what do they stand for?
Women’s suffrage movement
The European Women’s Suffrage Movement was a global effort to ensure that women have equal voting rights. This movement started in the 17th century and continued through to the twentieth century. Most countries that participated in the First World War experienced radical political changes around 1918. Countries that were not involved in these upheavals, however, lacked the political turmoil necessary to bring about women’s political equality. After the Second World War, countries in southern Europe adopted the right of women to vote.
While the European Women’s Suffrage Movement was inspired by common ideologies and political positions, it took on a different form in each country. The political conditions of each nation shaped the campaigns for women’s suffrage and the responses of society and government. In Europe, many countries had hereditary monarchs, which denied women full democratic political rights. Until these monarchs were overthrown, women in Europe had limited rights as citizens. Nevertheless, many women became active in reformist or revolutionary movements, which largely ignored women’s suffrage until men had achieved their basic political rights.
The European Women’s Suffrage Movement started with a debate over how to best empower women. Proponents argued that granting women more rights would demonstrate the superiority of European culture. Opponents countered that giving women more political power meant undermining their primary roles as mothers and wives. The debate over how to advance women’s suffrage in Europe was shaped by nationalist sentiments and the growing oppression in other parts of the world.
The suffrage movement in Germany continued to face obstacles. The resurgence of nationalism and conservative politics made it difficult to advocate reforms that threatened the family and the nation. Fortunately, however, the WSPU continued to push for voting rights in Germany. But these challenges were a setback. The WSPU’s militancy gained public attention and the Women’s Suffrage Party became a successful organization in Europe.
Napoleonic Code
Napoleon’s Civil Code re-established the patriarchal system in the Old Regime. This law granted extensive control to men over their wives and even prevented married women from disposing of their property without their husband’s consent. Napoleon’s Code did not restore property rights and the right to divorce until 1881. Nevertheless, a number of reforms and changes were made to improve the situation of women in society. Many people argued against the social injustices faced by women. The philosopher John Stuart Mill, for example, wrote The Subjection of Women. Ibsen’s play A Doll House criticized traditional marriage roles. The ideal middle class woman was expected to be a faithful and responsible mother and the moral guardian of her family.
After the Revolution, Napoleon began to erode these gains. His new Civil Code (1804) enshrined the role of the husband in the family, placing legal control over women in the hands of their men. Women were expected to obey their husbands, and could not enter contracts without his consent. If a husband suspected a wife of adultery, he could imprison her. Divorce became increasingly difficult. Women also had fewer rights, including the right to own property.
The Napoleonic Code was written in several “Books”. Almost half of the Senate meetings were attended by Napoleon, who was present at many discussions. The first book addressed civil rights, while the second book dealt with marriage and property ownership. Other “Books” followed, covering other aspects of the legal system. In fact, the Napoleonic Code has influenced the laws of many European countries. In fact, the Napoleonic Code remains in force in Belgium and Luxembourg today.
Jeans
As of 2017, most Europeans have purchased jeans in some way. Specifically, 60% of European consumers now purchase denim jeans. Meanwhile, France and Great Britain have a 50% market penetration rate. In contrast, Germans are among the least likely consumers to purchase premium jeans. Spanish consumers, however, are increasingly purchasing denim jeans for their comfort. Overall, European consumers are buying more denim jeans for both teenagers and adults. Hence, the demand for denim is likely to increase further.
There are many high-quality European denim brands available online. Mud Jeans, a company from the Netherlands, is one of them. Founded in 2013, Mud Jeans aims to change the fashion industry and make it more ethical and sustainable for both consumers and the planet. Among the many brands that offer high-quality and affordable denim jeans, Mud Jeans uses organic cotton and other environmentally friendly processes to create a line of sustainable clothing.
If you’re not sure how to find the best pair of jeans, Monki is one of the jewels of denim shopping, with a wide range of styles for all sizes. If you’re looking for a trendy pair of jeans without breaking the bank, Monki is a great place to start. Its selection of sizes is second to none, and the brand’s website is user-friendly. Moreover, there’s a wide range of styles that can flatter your figure and taste.
The most popular styles of jeans worn by European women include slim and skinny jeans. The most popular colors for European women are dark, and unwashed. Grey and black are also popular, although European women don’t always wear these colors. The only exception to this rule is the color red. European women also prefer grey and blue jeans, as these take a long time to dry. These colors have the added advantage of being less formal than their American counterparts.
Ankle boots
Ankle boots for European women come in many styles, from classic and traditional to trendy and high-tech. If you are traveling to warmer regions of Europe, consider an ankle boot. You can also wear these stylish footwear pieces when you visit Asian countries, where shoes are usually removed before entering many places. These stylish footwear pieces are easy to slip on and off, and will make you look chic and put together in no time. These boots are comfortable and are made for walking, hiking, or sightseeing.
Gender equality
Most European countries surveyed, including Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Poland and Slovakia, believe that gender equality is important. The least likely countries to believe in the importance of gender equality are the former Soviet nations, with just four out of ten citizens saying that women have more social rights now than they did under communism. Nonetheless, a large majority of European women do view gender equality as important. The European Commission’s flagship report, Gender Equality for All Europeans, makes this clear.
The German Council Presidency is determined to tackle the issue of gender inequality. The German government is focusing on pay equality, as well as tackling sexual violence. Reducing the gender pay gap in Europe requires an improved valuation of women’s work and the protection of unpaid workers. A fair valuation of work is also crucial, as the COVID-19 pandemic has shown the importance of unpaid work. But the measures to ensure gender equality should go beyond these goals.
Closer gender parity could lead to an increase of 10.5 million jobs for women by 2050, which would benefit both men and woman. By then, the employment rate of women would be equal with that of men, while the gender gap would disappear in the long term. At that point, it would be close to 80%. The figure is equivalent to the current number of jobs in the Netherlands. Achieving gender equality could also help CEE countries recover from the COVID-19 pandemic.
The European Parliament is another place where the political will of European women will be put to the test. While women are represented in the Parliament, their representation in the executive is disproportionate to that of men. In 1999, a female president of the European Parliament was chosen, Nicole Fontaine. However, while the European Parliament has enough women in its ranks, the last female president dates back 20 years. The next European Parliament executive should be gender balanced.